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time shrinking
Abstract:
When a relatively short empty time interval is preceded by an even shorter one, its duration can be underestimated remarkably. This phenomenon, called time-shrinking, has been investigated with patterns consisting of two time intervals. In five experiments, we investigated whether underestimation of the last interval would occur when it was preceded by two time intervals. Significant underestimations of the last interval occurred in some of those patterns. The influence of the second preceding interval was dominant, but in some patterns, the first preceding interval could shrink the subjective duration of the last time interval directly. The first interval could also affect perception of the duration of the last one indirectly by shrinking the second interval, as a result of which the latter either shrank the last interval more strongly or became too short to shrink it. There were two types of temporal patterns in which the perceived duration of the last interval could not be explained by time-shrinking or its propagation through the pattern. It seemed plausible that auditory Gestalt principles invoked strong figural organizations in these patterns, which rendered the time-shrinking mechanism inoperative.
....
Received: 19 May 2005
Abstract
Auditory Gestalt perception by grouping of species-specific vocalizations to a perceptual stream with a defined meaning is typical for human speech perception but has not been studied in non-human mammals so far. Here we use synthesized models of vocalizations (series of wriggling calls) of mouse pups (Mus domesticus) and show that their mothers perceive the call series as a meaningful Gestalt for the release of instinctive maternal behavior, if the inter-call intervals have durations of 100–400 ms. Shorter or longer inter-call intervals significantly reduce the maternal responsiveness. We also show that series of natural wriggling calls have inter-call intervals mainly in the range of 100–400 ms. Thus, series of natural wriggling calls of pups match the time-domain auditory filters of their mothers in order to be optimally perceived and recognized. A similar time window exists for the production of human speech and the perception of series of sounds by humans. Neural mechanisms for setting the boundaries of the time window are discussed.
Simone Gaub and Günter Ehret
Department of Neurobiology, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
Abstract
Time shrinking is an illusion of time perception. This illusion takes place in stimulus patterns of three successive sound bursts (markers) of equal duration marking two empty time intervals, the preceding time interval (P) and the standard time interval (S). When S is longer than P, S is often underestimated. In this study, we examined whether the duration of the bursts (in this case, pure tones) could affect this illusion. Time shrinking always took place when S−P was less than or equal to 60 ms, and the marker duration did not affect the amount of underestimation of S in this range. However, the illusion took place only for the shortest marker duration of 20 ms when S−P=80 ms. The results roughly agreed with previous data. [Work supported by JSPS and 21st Century COE, Kyushu University.]
Yoko Fujishima and Yoshitaka Nakajima
Faculty of Inst. of Design, Kyushu Univ. 4-9-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
When a relatively short empty time interval is preceded by an even shorter one, its duration can be underestimated remarkably. This phenomenon, called time-shrinking, has been investigated with patterns consisting of two time intervals. In five experiments, we investigated whether underestimation of the last interval would occur when it was preceded by two time intervals. Significant underestimations of the last interval occurred in some of those patterns. The influence of the second preceding interval was dominant, but in some patterns, the first preceding interval could shrink the subjective duration of the last time interval directly. The first interval could also affect perception of the duration of the last one indirectly by shrinking the second interval, as a result of which the latter either shrank the last interval more strongly or became too short to shrink it. There were two types of temporal patterns in which the perceived duration of the last interval could not be explained by time-shrinking or its propagation through the pattern. It seemed plausible that auditory Gestalt principles invoked strong figural organizations in these patterns, which rendered the time-shrinking mechanism inoperative.
....
Received: 19 May 2005
Abstract
Auditory Gestalt perception by grouping of species-specific vocalizations to a perceptual stream with a defined meaning is typical for human speech perception but has not been studied in non-human mammals so far. Here we use synthesized models of vocalizations (series of wriggling calls) of mouse pups (Mus domesticus) and show that their mothers perceive the call series as a meaningful Gestalt for the release of instinctive maternal behavior, if the inter-call intervals have durations of 100–400 ms. Shorter or longer inter-call intervals significantly reduce the maternal responsiveness. We also show that series of natural wriggling calls have inter-call intervals mainly in the range of 100–400 ms. Thus, series of natural wriggling calls of pups match the time-domain auditory filters of their mothers in order to be optimally perceived and recognized. A similar time window exists for the production of human speech and the perception of series of sounds by humans. Neural mechanisms for setting the boundaries of the time window are discussed.
Simone Gaub and Günter Ehret
Department of Neurobiology, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany
Abstract
Time shrinking is an illusion of time perception. This illusion takes place in stimulus patterns of three successive sound bursts (markers) of equal duration marking two empty time intervals, the preceding time interval (P) and the standard time interval (S). When S is longer than P, S is often underestimated. In this study, we examined whether the duration of the bursts (in this case, pure tones) could affect this illusion. Time shrinking always took place when S−P was less than or equal to 60 ms, and the marker duration did not affect the amount of underestimation of S in this range. However, the illusion took place only for the shortest marker duration of 20 ms when S−P=80 ms. The results roughly agreed with previous data. [Work supported by JSPS and 21st Century COE, Kyushu University.]
Yoko Fujishima and Yoshitaka Nakajima
Faculty of Inst. of Design, Kyushu Univ. 4-9-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8540, Japan
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